Level 11 · Thoughtful Reader | ਸਮਝਦਾਰ ਪਾਠਕ

Paragraph Reading and Comprehension

ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝ

18 lessons

This course is in active review. Lesson wording may still change.
1 What Is a Paragraph?
Learn

The child understands that a paragraph is a group of connected sentences about one main topic.

Explanation

A paragraph contains several sentences that belong together.

Example

ਮੇਰਾ ਨਾਮ ਅਮਨ ਹੈ। ਮੈਂ ਅੱਠ ਸਾਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਹਾਂ। ਮੈਂ ਸਕੂਲ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ। ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਪੜ੍ਹਨੀ ਪਸੰਦ ਹੈ।

All the sentences are about:

ਅਮਨ

This is one paragraph.

Not a strong paragraph

ਮੇਰਾ ਨਾਮ ਅਮਨ ਹੈ। ਹਾਥੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਵੱਡਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮੇਰੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਨੀਲੀ ਹੈ।

These sentences do not stay on one topic.

Main rule

ਇੱਕ ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ਇੱਕ ਮੁੱਖ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।

A paragraph is about one main topic.

Example

A paragraph contains several sentences that belong together.

Word

ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ਕੀ ਹੈ?

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to two groups of sentences.

Script focus

ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ਕੀ ਹੈ?

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to two groups of sentences.

Choose which group stays on one topic.

Group A

ਮੇਰਾ ਸਕੂਲ ਵੱਡਾ ਹੈ। ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਈ ਕਮਰੇ ਹਨ। ਮੇਰੀ ਕਲਾਸ ਸਾਫ਼ ਹੈ।

Group B

ਮੇਰਾ ਸਕੂਲ ਵੱਡਾ ਹੈ। ਮੈਨੂੰ ਅੰਬ ਪਸੰਦ ਹੈ। ਮੇਰਾ ਕੁੱਤਾ ਦੌੜਦਾ ਹੈ।

Correct: Group A

Speak

Say three connected sentences about:

  • Yourself
  • Your home
  • Your school
  • Your favourite activity

Read

Paragraph

ਇਹ ਮੇਰਾ ਕਮਰਾ ਹੈ। ਮੇਰੇ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਮੰਜਾ, ਇੱਕ ਮੇਜ਼ ਅਤੇ ਦੋ ਕੁਰਸੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਮੇਰੀਆਂ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਮੇਜ਼ ਉੱਤੇ ਹਨ। ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣਾ ਕਮਰਾ ਸਾਫ਼ ਰੱਖਦਾ ਹਾਂ।

A feminine profile may use:

ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣਾ ਕਮਰਾ ਸਾਫ਼ ਰੱਖਦੀ ਹਾਂ।

Comprehension

  • What is the paragraph about?
  • How many chairs are there?
  • Where are the books?
  • What does the child do?

Main idea

The child’s room

Write

Write three connected sentences about your room.

Sentence starters:

ਮੇਰਾ ਕਮਰਾ ______ ਹੈ। ਮੇਰੇ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ______ ਹੈ। ਮੈਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਕਮਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ______ ਕਰਦਾ/ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ।

Activity
  • Connected or unconnected?
  • Find the topic.
  • Remove the unrelated sentence.
  • Arrange three sentences into one paragraph.

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Say a three-sentence paragraph about one room in the home.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The child understands that a paragraph is a group of connected sentences about one main topic.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise What Is a Paragraph? in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning What Is a Paragraph?. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The child understands that a paragraph is a group of connected sentences about one main topic.The child understands that a paragraph is a group of connected sentences about one main topic.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਕਮਰਾਕਮਰਾ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਕਮਰਾ?room
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Say a three-sentence paragraph about one room in the home.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
2 Main Idea
Learn

The learner identifies what a paragraph is mostly about.

Explanation

The main idea is the most important message in a paragraph.

Ask:

ਇਹ ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ ਉੱਤੇ ਕਿਸ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੈ?

What is this paragraph mainly about?

Example

ਸਾਡੇ ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਵੱਡੀ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ ਹੈ। ਉੱਥੇ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਹਨ। ਬੱਚੇ ਹਰ ਹਫ਼ਤੇ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਮੈਨੂੰ ਕਹਾਣੀਆਂ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਣੀਆਂ ਪਸੰਦ ਹਨ।

Main idea:

The school library

Not:

  • One specific book
  • The playground
  • Lunch

Example

The main idea is the most important message in a paragraph.

Word

ਮੁੱਖ ਵਿਚਾਰ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Hear a short paragraph.

Script focus

ਮੁੱਖ ਵਿਚਾਰ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Hear a short paragraph.

Choose the best title.

Speak

After listening, complete:

ਇਹ ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ______ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੈ।

Read

Paragraph 1 — ਸਾਡਾ ਬਾਗ

ਸਾਡੇ ਘਰ ਦੇ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਇੱਕ ਛੋਟਾ ਬਾਗ ਹੈ। ਬਾਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਗੁਲਾਬ, ਗੇਂਦੇ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਰੰਗ-ਬਿਰੰਗੇ ਫੁੱਲ ਹਨ। ਇੱਕ ਪਾਸੇ ਦੋ ਅੰਬ ਦੇ ਰੁੱਖ ਹਨ। ਅਸੀਂ ਹਰ ਸਵੇਰ ਪੌਦਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਣੀ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਾਂ।

Possible titles

  • ਸਾਡਾ ਬਾਗ
  • ਮੇਰਾ ਸਕੂਲ
  • ਅੰਬ ਖਾਣਾ

Correct: ਸਾਡਾ ਬਾਗ

Comprehension

  • Where is the garden?
  • Which flowers are mentioned?
  • What trees are there?
  • What does the family do every morning?
  • What is the main idea?

Write

Choose a title for a paragraph.

Then write one sentence explaining why it fits.

Activity
  • Best title
  • Main idea or small detail
  • One-sentence summary
  • Match paragraph and heading

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Read one paragraph and say:

ਇਹ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ ਉੱਤੇ ______ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੈ।

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner identifies what a paragraph is mostly about.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Main Idea in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Main Idea. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner identifies what a paragraph is mostly about.The learner identifies what a paragraph is mostly about.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਪਿੱਛੇਪਿੱਛੇ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਪਿੱਛੇ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Read one paragraph and say:
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
3 Supporting Details
Learn

The child finds details that explain or support the main idea.

Explanation

The main idea tells the topic.

Supporting details tell us more.

Example

Main idea:

ਮੇਰਾ ਕੁੱਤਾ ਬਹੁਤ ਚੁਸਤ ਹੈ।

Supporting details:

  • ਉਹ ਤੇਜ਼ ਦੌੜਦਾ ਹੈ।
  • ਉਹ ਗੇਂਦ ਲਿਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
  • ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਖੇਡਦਾ ਹੈ।

Important difference

A supporting detail belongs to the topic.

An unrelated detail does not.

Example

The main idea tells the topic.

Word

ਸਹਾਇਕ ਵੇਰਵੇ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to one main idea and four details.

Script focus

ਸਹਾਇਕ ਵੇਰਵੇ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to one main idea and four details.

Choose the detail that does not belong.

Speak

State:

  1. One main idea
  2. Two supporting details

Example:

ਮੇਰਾ ਸਕੂਲ ਚੰਗਾ ਹੈ। ਮੇਰੀ ਕਲਾਸ ਸਾਫ਼ ਹੈ। ਮੇਰੇ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ।

Read

Paragraph — ਮੇਰੀ ਦਾਦੀ ਜੀ

ਮੇਰੀ ਦਾਦੀ ਜੀ ਬਹੁਤ ਪਿਆਰ ਵਾਲੇ ਹਨ। ਉਹ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਕਹਾਣੀਆਂ ਸੁਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਨਾਲ ਅਰਦਾਸ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਜਦੋਂ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਕੋਈ ਗੱਲ ਸਮਝ ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਂਦੀ, ਉਹ ਧੀਰਜ ਨਾਲ ਸਮਝਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ।

Comprehension

Main idea:

The grandmother is loving and helpful.

Supporting details:

  • Tells Punjabi stories
  • Prays with the child
  • Explains patiently

Question:

Which detail best shows patience?

ਉਹ ਧੀਰਜ ਨਾਲ ਸਮਝਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ।

Write

Main idea:

ਮੇਰਾ ਦੋਸਤ ਮਦਦਗਾਰ ਹੈ।

Add three supporting details.

Activity
  • Main idea and detail matching
  • Remove the unrelated sentence
  • Find evidence in the text
  • Add one useful detail

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Choose one family member.

Say one main idea and two details about them.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The child finds details that explain or support the main idea.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Supporting Details in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Supporting Details. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The child finds details that explain or support the main idea.The child finds details that explain or support the main idea.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਪਿਆਰਪਿਆਰ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਪਿਆਰ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Choose one family member.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
4 Sequence
Learn

The learner puts events in the order in which they happened.

Explanation

Sequence means the order of events.

Common sequence words

  • ਪਹਿਲਾਂ — first
  • ਫਿਰ — then
  • ਉਸ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ — after that
  • ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ — finally

Example

ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਉੱਠਿਆ। ਫਿਰ ਮੈਂ ਮੂੰਹ ਧੋਇਆ। ਉਸ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਮੈਂ ਨਾਸ਼ਤਾ ਕੀਤਾ। ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੈਂ ਸਕੂਲ ਗਿਆ।

Example

Sequence means the order of events.

Word

ਘਟਨਾਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਕ੍ਰਮ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to four events.

Script focus

ਘਟਨਾਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਕ੍ਰਮ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to four events.

Arrange the pictures in order.

Speak

Describe your morning using:

  • ਪਹਿਲਾਂ
  • ਫਿਰ
  • ਉਸ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ
  • ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ

Read

Paragraph — ਸਵੇਰ ਦੀ ਤਿਆਰੀ

ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਨੂਰ ਸਵੇਰੇ ਉੱਠੀ। ਫਿਰ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਮੂੰਹ ਧੋਇਆ ਅਤੇ ਦੰਦ ਸਾਫ਼ ਕੀਤੇ। ਉਸ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਨਾਸ਼ਤਾ ਕੀਤਾ। ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਬੈਗ ਚੁੱਕਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਸਕੂਲ ਲਈ ਤੁਰ ਪਈ।

Comprehension

  • What happened first?
  • What happened after brushing?
  • What did Noor do at the end?
  • Put four events in order.

Write

Write four ordered sentences about:

  • Getting ready for school
  • Making a sandwich
  • Planting a seed
  • Going to the Gurdwara

Activity
  • Sequence cards
  • Number the events
  • Add sequence words
  • Fix a mixed-up paragraph

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Retell one daily routine using four sequence words.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner puts events in the order in which they happened.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Sequence in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Sequence. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner puts events in the order in which they happened.The learner puts events in the order in which they happened.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਤਿਆਰੀਤਿਆਰੀ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਤਿਆਰੀ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Retell one daily routine using four sequence words.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
5 Cause and Effect
Learn

The learner identifies why something happened and what happened as a result.

Explanation

Cause

The reason something happens.

Effect

What happens because of that reason.

Example

ਮੀਂਹ ਪਿਆ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ਮੈਦਾਨ ਗਿੱਲਾ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ।

Cause:

ਮੀਂਹ ਪਿਆ

Effect:

ਮੈਦਾਨ ਗਿੱਲਾ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ

Helpful words

  • ਕਿਉਂਕਿ — because
  • ਇਸ ਲਈ — therefore or so
  • ਕਾਰਨ — reason
  • ਨਤੀਜਾ — result

Example

Cause

Word

ਕਾਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਨਤੀਜਾ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Hear a sentence.

Script focus

ਕਾਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਨਤੀਜਾ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Hear a sentence.

Choose:

  • Cause
  • Effect

Speak

Complete:

ਮੈਂ ਛਤਰੀ ਲਈ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ______।

Possible answer:

ਮੀਂਹ ਪੈ ਰਿਹਾ ਸੀ।

Read

Paragraph — ਸੁੱਕਿਆ ਪੌਦਾ

ਅਮਨ ਨੇ ਦੋ ਦਿਨ ਪੌਦੇ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਣੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਦਿੱਤਾ। ਮਿੱਟੀ ਸੁੱਕ ਗਈ ਅਤੇ ਪੱਤੇ ਝੁਕ ਗਏ। ਜਦੋਂ ਉਸ ਨੇ ਪੌਦੇ ਨੂੰ ਵੇਖਿਆ, ਉਸ ਨੇ ਤੁਰੰਤ ਪਾਣੀ ਦਿੱਤਾ। ਕੁਝ ਸਮੇਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਪੌਦਾ ਫਿਰ ਤਾਜ਼ਾ ਦਿਸਣ ਲੱਗਾ।

Comprehension

  • Why did the soil dry?
  • What happened to the leaves?
  • What did Aman do?
  • What was the final result?

Cause and effect pair

Cause:

ਪੌਦੇ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਣੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਮਿਲਿਆ।

Effect:

ਪੱਤੇ ਝੁਕ ਗਏ।

Write

Complete:

ਬਿਜਲੀ ਚਲੀ ਗਈ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ______।

ਮੈਂ ਦੇਰ ਨਾਲ ਉੱਠਿਆ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ______।

Activity
  • Match cause and effect
  • Add ਕਿਉਂਕਿ
  • Add ਇਸ ਲਈ
  • Find the reason in the paragraph

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Say two cause-and-effect sentences from daily life.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner identifies why something happened and what happened as a result.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Cause and Effect in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Cause and Effect. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner identifies why something happened and what happened as a result.The learner identifies why something happened and what happened as a result.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਮਿੱਟੀਮਿੱਟੀ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਮਿੱਟੀ?soil
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Say two cause-and-effect sentences from daily life.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
6 Characters and Setting
Learn

The child identifies who is in a story and where and when it takes place.

Explanation

Characters

The people or animals in a story.

Setting

Where and sometimes when the story happens.

Example

ਇੱਕ ਸਵੇਰ ਅਮਨ ਅਤੇ ਨੂਰ ਬਾਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਖੇਡ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ।

Characters:

  • ਅਮਨ
  • ਨੂਰ

Setting:

  • ਬਾਗ
  • ਸਵੇਰ

Example

Characters

Word

ਪਾਤਰ ਅਤੇ ਥਾਂ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to a short story opening.

Script focus

ਪਾਤਰ ਅਤੇ ਥਾਂ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to a short story opening.

Choose:

  • Who is there?
  • Where are they?
  • When is it happening?

Speak

Describe a story picture:

ਇਸ ਕਹਾਣੀ ਦੇ ਪਾਤਰ ______ ਹਨ। ਕਹਾਣੀ ______ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਾਪਰਦੀ ਹੈ।

Read

Story — ਗੁੰਮ ਹੋਈ ਗੇਂਦ

ਸ਼ਾਮ ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਅਮਨ ਅਤੇ ਨੂਰ ਬਾਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਖੇਡ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ। ਅਮਨ ਨੇ ਗੇਂਦ ਦੂਰ ਸੁੱਟੀ, ਪਰ ਗੇਂਦ ਝਾੜੀਆਂ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਚਲੀ ਗਈ। ਦੋਵੇਂ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੇ ਗੇਂਦ ਲੱਭਣੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤੀ। ਕੁਝ ਸਮੇਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਨੂਰ ਨੂੰ ਗੇਂਦ ਇੱਕ ਛੋਟੇ ਰੁੱਖ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਮਿਲ ਗਈ।

Comprehension

  • Who are the characters?
  • Where does the story happen?
  • When does it happen?
  • What was lost?
  • Who found it?

Write

Create a story opening with:

  • Two characters
  • One place
  • One time

Activity
  • Character or setting
  • Match picture and story
  • Change the setting
  • Add one new character

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Choose a favourite story and name:

  • Characters
  • Place
  • Time

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The child identifies who is in a story and where and when it takes place.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Characters and Setting in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Characters and Setting. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The child identifies who is in a story and where and when it takes place.The child identifies who is in a story and where and when it takes place.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਗੁੰਮਗੁੰਮ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਗੁੰਮ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Choose a favourite story and name:
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
7 Problem and Solution
Learn

The learner identifies a problem and how it is solved.

Explanation

Many stories include:

  1. A character
  2. A problem
  3. An attempt
  4. A solution

Example

Problem:

ਨੂਰ ਦੀ ਪੈਨਸਿਲ ਟੁੱਟ ਗਈ।

Solution:

ਅਮਨ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਵਾਧੂ ਪੈਨਸਿਲ ਦੇ ਦਿੱਤੀ।

Example

Many stories include:

Word

ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਹੱਲ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Hear a short situation.

Script focus

ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਹੱਲ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Hear a short situation.

Choose the best solution.

Speak

Complete:

ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਸੀ ਕਿ ______। ਹੱਲ ਇਹ ਸੀ ਕਿ ______।

Read

Story — ਭੁੱਲਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਖਾਣਾ

ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੁਪਹਿਰ ਵੇਲੇ ਅਮਨ ਨੇ ਆਪਣਾ ਬੈਗ ਖੋਲ੍ਹਿਆ। ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਪਤਾ ਲੱਗਾ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਆਪਣਾ ਖਾਣਾ ਘਰ ਭੁੱਲ ਆਇਆ ਸੀ। ਅਮਨ ਚਿੰਤਤ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ। ਉਸ ਦੀ ਸਹੇਲੀ ਨੂਰ ਨੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਫਲ ਅਤੇ ਰੋਟੀ ਉਸ ਨਾਲ ਸਾਂਝੀ ਕੀਤੀ। ਦੋਵਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਕੱਠੇ ਬੈਠ ਕੇ ਖਾਣਾ ਖਾਧਾ।

Comprehension

  • What was the problem?
  • How did Aman feel?
  • Who helped him?
  • What was the solution?
  • What value did Noor show?

Possible value:

Sharing and kindness

Write

Write a solution for:

ਇੱਕ ਬੱਚਾ ਆਪਣੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਘਰ ਭੁੱਲ ਗਿਆ।

Activity
  • Problem or solution
  • Choose the best solution
  • Put story stages in order
  • Suggest another safe solution

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Talk about one small problem from the day and how it was solved.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner identifies a problem and how it is solved.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Problem and Solution in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Problem and Solution. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner identifies a problem and how it is solved.The learner identifies a problem and how it is solved.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਦੁਪਹਿਰਦੁਪਹਿਰ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਦੁਪਹਿਰ?afternoon
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Talk about one small problem from the day and how it was solved.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
8 Predicting What Comes Next
Learn

The child makes a reasonable prediction using clues from a text.

Explanation

A prediction is a thoughtful idea about what may happen next.

A strong prediction uses clues.

Example

ਆਕਾਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਾਲੇ ਬੱਦਲ ਸਨ। ਹਵਾ ਤੇਜ਼ ਚੱਲ ਰਹੀ ਸੀ।

Prediction:

ਸ਼ਾਇਦ ਮੀਂਹ ਪਵੇਗਾ।

Clues:

  • Dark clouds
  • Strong wind

A prediction is not a random guess

The learner should say:

ਮੈਨੂੰ ਲੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ______ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ______।

Example

A prediction is a thoughtful idea about what may happen next.

Word

ਅੱਗੇ ਕੀ ਹੋਵੇਗਾ?

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Hear the start of a story.

Script focus

ਅੱਗੇ ਕੀ ਹੋਵੇਗਾ?

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Hear the start of a story.

Choose the most likely next event.

Speak

Use:

ਮੇਰਾ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਹੈ ਕਿ ______।

ਮੈਂ ਇਹ ਸੋਚਦਾ/ਸੋਚਦੀ ਹਾਂ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ______।

Read

Story opening

ਨੂਰ ਨੇ ਖਿੜਕੀ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਬਾਹਰ ਵੇਖਿਆ। ਆਕਾਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਾਲੇ ਬੱਦਲ ਸਨ। ਰੁੱਖਾਂ ਦੇ ਪੱਤੇ ਤੇਜ਼ੀ ਨਾਲ ਹਿਲ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ। ਉਸ ਨੇ ਬਾਹਰ ਜਾਣ ਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਆਪਣੀ ਛਤਰੀ ਚੁੱਕ ਲਈ।

Prediction question

What may happen next?

Possible answer:

ਮੀਂਹ ਪੈ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ।

Comprehension

  • Which clues suggest rain?
  • Why did Noor take an umbrella?
  • Was her choice sensible?
  • What may happen next?

Write

Read a short story opening.

Write:

ਮੇਰਾ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਹੈ ਕਿ ______ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ______।

Activity
  • Clue or prediction
  • Best prediction
  • Explain the evidence
  • Change the clue and prediction

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Pause during a family story and ask:

ਅੱਗੇ ਕੀ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ?

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The child makes a reasonable prediction using clues from a text.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Predicting What Comes Next in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Predicting What Comes Next. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The child makes a reasonable prediction using clues from a text.The child makes a reasonable prediction using clues from a text.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਅਨੁਮਾਨਅਨੁਮਾਨ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਅਨੁਮਾਨ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Pause during a family story and ask:
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
9 Meaning From Context
Learn

The learner uses nearby words and sentences to work out an unfamiliar word.

Explanation

Sometimes a reader sees a new word.

Do not stop immediately.

Use context.

Example

ਬੱਚਾ ਬਹੁਤ ਥੱਕਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਉਹ ਵਾਰ-ਵਾਰ ਜੰਭਾਈ ਲੈ ਰਿਹਾ ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਦੀਆਂ ਅੱਖਾਂ ਬੰਦ ਹੋ ਰਹੀਆਂ ਸਨ।

Unknown word:

ਜੰਭਾਈ

Clues:

  • Tired
  • Eyes closing

Likely meaning:

Yawn

Context steps

  1. Read the whole sentence.
  2. Read the sentence before and after.
  3. Look for examples or clues.
  4. Try a possible meaning.
  5. Check whether it makes sense.

Example

Sometimes a reader sees a new word.

Word

ਸੰਦਰਭ ਤੋਂ ਅਰਥ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Hear a sentence with one unfamiliar word.

Script focus

ਸੰਦਰਭ ਤੋਂ ਅਰਥ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Hear a sentence with one unfamiliar word.

Choose its likely meaning.

Speak

Use:

ਮੈਨੂੰ ਲੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ______ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ______ ਹੈ।

Read

Paragraph

ਸਵੇਰੇ ਬਾਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਘਾਹ ਉੱਤੇ ਛੋਟੀਆਂ-ਛੋਟੀਆਂ ਪਾਣੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਬੂੰਦਾਂ ਸਨ। ਇਹ ਬੂੰਦਾਂ ਧੁੱਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਚਮਕ ਰਹੀਆਂ ਸਨ। ਦਾਦੀ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਕਿ ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਓਸ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ।

What does ਓਸ mean?

Answer:

Small water drops seen in the morning

Comprehension

  • Which words helped explain ਓਸ?
  • When was it seen?
  • Where was it?
  • What did it look like?

Write

Use the context to complete:

______ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਸ਼ਾਇਦ ______ ਹੈ।

Activity
  • Choose meaning from context
  • Find the clue words
  • Replace with a familiar word
  • Use the new word in a sentence

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Find one unfamiliar Punjabi word.

Read the full sentence before using a dictionary.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner uses nearby words and sentences to work out an unfamiliar word.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Meaning From Context in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Meaning From Context. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner uses nearby words and sentences to work out an unfamiliar word.The learner uses nearby words and sentences to work out an unfamiliar word.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਸੰਦਰਭਸੰਦਰਭ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਸੰਦਰਭ?context
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Find one unfamiliar Punjabi word.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
10 Reading Instructions
Learn

The learner reads and follows a simple sequence of instructions.

Explanation

Instructions tell us how to do something.

They usually include:

  • Action words
  • Correct order
  • Materials
  • Safety information
  • Numbered steps

Common instruction words

  • ਲਓ — take
  • ਰੱਖੋ — place
  • ਮਿਲਾਓ — mix
  • ਕੱਟੋ — cut
  • ਪਾਓ — add or put
  • ਧੋਵੋ — wash
  • ਉਡੀਕ ਕਰੋ — wait
  • ਜਾਂਚ ਕਰੋ — check

Example

Instructions tell us how to do something.

Word

ਹਦਾਇਤਾਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to three instructions.

Script focus

ਹਦਾਇਤਾਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to three instructions.

Perform them using pictures or safe classroom objects.

Speak

Give one simple instruction:

ਕਿਤਾਬ ਮੇਜ਼ ਉੱਤੇ ਰੱਖੋ।

ਪੈਨ ਚੁੱਕੋ।

ਪੰਨਾ ਖੋਲ੍ਹੋ।

Read

Activity — ਬੀਜ ਲਗਾਉਣਾ

  1. ਇੱਕ ਛੋਟਾ ਗਮਲਾ ਲਓ।
  2. ਗਮਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਪਾਓ।
  3. ਮਿੱਟੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਬੀਜ ਰੱਖੋ।
  4. ਬੀਜ ਨੂੰ ਥੋੜ੍ਹੀ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਨਾਲ ਢੱਕੋ।
  5. ਹੌਲੀ-ਹੌਲੀ ਪਾਣੀ ਪਾਓ।
  6. ਗਮਲਾ ਧੁੱਪ ਵਾਲੀ ਥਾਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਰੱਖੋ।

Comprehension

  • What is needed?
  • What happens first?
  • Where is the seed placed?
  • What happens last?
  • Why should the pot receive sunlight?

Write

Write four steps for:

  • Washing hands
  • Packing a school bag
  • Making a simple cold snack
  • Watering a plant

Avoid unsafe kitchen or tool instructions without adult supervision.

Activity
  • Arrange the steps
  • Match action and picture
  • Find missing step
  • Follow instructions
  • Write one instruction clearly

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Read and follow one safe household instruction with an adult.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner reads and follows a simple sequence of instructions.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Reading Instructions in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Reading Instructions. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner reads and follows a simple sequence of instructions.The learner reads and follows a simple sequence of instructions.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਗਮਲਾਗਮਲਾ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਗਮਲਾ?flower pot
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Read and follow one safe household instruction with an adult.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
11 Descriptive Paragraphs
Learn

The learner identifies and writes details that help the reader imagine a person, place or object.

Explanation

A descriptive paragraph may tell:

  • Colour
  • Size
  • Shape
  • Sound
  • Smell
  • Texture
  • Feeling
  • Location

Example

ਬਾਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਵੱਡਾ ਗੁਲਾਬ ਦਾ ਬੂਟਾ ਹੈ। ਉਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਲਾਲ ਅਤੇ ਗੁਲਾਬੀ ਫੁੱਲ ਖਿੜੇ ਹਨ। ਫੁੱਲਾਂ ਦੀ ਮਹਿਕ ਮਿੱਠੀ ਹੈ। ਸਵੇਰੇ ਮੱਖੀਆਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਆਲੇ-ਦੁਆਲੇ ਉੱਡਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ।

Example

A descriptive paragraph may tell:

Word

ਵਰਣਨਾਤਮਕ ਅਨੁਛੇਦ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to a description.

Script focus

ਵਰਣਨਾਤਮਕ ਅਨੁਛੇਦ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to a description.

Choose the matching picture.

Speak

Describe one object using at least three details.

Read

Paragraph — ਸਰਦੀ ਦੀ ਸਵੇਰ

ਸਰਦੀ ਦੀ ਸਵੇਰ ਠੰਢੀ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਂਤ ਸੀ। ਘਾਹ ਉੱਤੇ ਓਸ ਦੀਆਂ ਬੂੰਦਾਂ ਚਮਕ ਰਹੀਆਂ ਸਨ। ਹਵਾ ਹੌਲੀ-ਹੌਲੀ ਚੱਲ ਰਹੀ ਸੀ। ਲੋਕ ਗਰਮ ਕੱਪੜੇ ਪਾ ਕੇ ਬਾਹਰ ਨਿਕਲ ਰਹੇ ਸਨ। ਦੂਰੋਂ ਸੂਰਜ ਹੌਲੀ-ਹੌਲੀ ਚੜ੍ਹਦਾ ਦਿਸ ਰਿਹਾ ਸੀ।

Comprehension

  • What was the weather like?
  • What was on the grass?
  • How was the wind moving?
  • What were people wearing?
  • Which details help you imagine the scene?

Write

Write five sentences describing:

  • Your classroom
  • A rainy day
  • A favourite toy
  • The Gurdwara exterior
  • A garden

Activity
  • Find sensory details
  • Improve a plain sentence
  • Match description and image
  • Add two describing words
  • Remove an unrelated detail

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Describe one object without naming it.

A family member guesses what it is.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner identifies and writes details that help the reader imagine a person, place or object.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Descriptive Paragraphs in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Descriptive Paragraphs. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner identifies and writes details that help the reader imagine a person, place or object.The learner identifies and writes details that help the reader imagine a person, place or object.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਸ਼ਾਂਤਸ਼ਾਂਤ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਸ਼ਾਂਤ?calm
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Describe one object without naming it.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
12 Factual Text
Learn

The learner reads a short factual text and separates facts from personal opinions.

Explanation

A factual text gives information about a real topic.

It may include:

  • Definition
  • Features
  • Examples
  • Location
  • Function
  • Number
  • Process

Fact

Can be checked.

ਮੋਰ ਇੱਕ ਪੰਛੀ ਹੈ।

Opinion

Shows what someone thinks or feels.

ਮੋਰ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਪੰਛੀ ਹੈ।

The second sentence is an opinion.

Example

A factual text gives information about a real topic.

Word

ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਵਾਲਾ ਲੇਖ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Hear four sentences.

Script focus

ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਵਾਲਾ ਲੇਖ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Hear four sentences.

Choose:

  • Fact
  • Opinion

Speak

State one fact and one opinion about an animal.

Read

Factual text — ਮੋਰ

ਮੋਰ ਇੱਕ ਵੱਡਾ ਪੰਛੀ ਹੈ। ਨਰ ਮੋਰ ਦੀ ਲੰਮੀ ਅਤੇ ਰੰਗੀਨ ਪੂੰਛ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਉਹ ਆਪਣੀ ਪੂੰਛ ਖੋਲ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਆਕਾਰ ਬਣਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮੋਰ ਬੀਜ, ਕੀੜੇ ਅਤੇ ਛੋਟੇ ਜੀਵ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮਾਦਾ ਮੋਰ ਨੂੰ ਮੋਰਨੀ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਮੋਰ ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਪੰਛੀ ਹੈ।

Comprehension

  • What kind of animal is a peacock?
  • Which peacock has the colourful tail?
  • What does it eat?
  • What is the female called?
  • Which sentence gives the main idea?
  • Find one fact.

Write

Write four facts about:

  • A dog
  • A tree
  • The moon
  • A Punjabi food
  • A school library

Facts should be checked before publication.

Activity
  • Fact or opinion
  • Match heading and information
  • Find a number or feature
  • Write one verified fact
  • Remove an unsupported claim

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Read a short factual page and share three facts.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner reads a short factual text and separates facts from personal opinions.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Factual Text in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Factual Text. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner reads a short factual text and separates facts from personal opinions.The learner reads a short factual text and separates facts from personal opinions.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਨਰਨਰ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਨਰ?person
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Read a short factual page and share three facts.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
13 Simple Biography
Learn

The learner reads a short life account and identifies key events.

Explanation

A biography tells about a real person’s life.

It may include:

  • Birth
  • Childhood
  • Education
  • Work
  • Important actions
  • Achievements
  • Values
  • Legacy

Timeline words

  • ਜਨਮ
  • ਬਚਪਨ
  • ਬਾਅਦ ਵਿੱਚ
  • ਅੱਗੇ ਚੱਲ ਕੇ
  • ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ

Example

A biography tells about a real person’s life.

Word

ਛੋਟੀ ਜੀਵਨੀ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to a short biography.

Script focus

ਛੋਟੀ ਜੀਵਨੀ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to a short biography.

Place three life events in order.

Speak

Retell:

  • Who the person was
  • What they did
  • Why they are remembered

Read

Biography — ਭਾਈ ਘਨੱਈਆ ਜੀ

ਭਾਈ ਘਨੱਈਆ ਜੀ ਸੇਵਾ ਅਤੇ ਦਇਆ ਲਈ ਯਾਦ ਕੀਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਜੰਗ ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਉਹ ਜ਼ਖ਼ਮੀ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਣੀ ਪਿਲਾਉਂਦੇ ਸਨ। ਉਹ ਮਿੱਤਰ ਅਤੇ ਵੈਰੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਭੇਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਦੇ ਸਨ। ਜਦੋਂ ਇਸ ਬਾਰੇ ਸ਼ਿਕਾਇਤ ਕੀਤੀ ਗਈ, ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਹਰ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕੋ ਜੋਤ ਵੇਖਦੇ ਹਨ। ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਦਇਆ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ੰਸਾ ਕੀਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਜ਼ਖ਼ਮੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਸਹਾਇਤਾ ਲਈ ਦਵਾਈ ਵੀ ਦਿੱਤੀ।

This text requires source review before release and should avoid embellishment beyond established tradition.

Comprehension

  • What are Bhai Ghanaiya Ji remembered for?
  • What did they give wounded people?
  • Did they help only one side?
  • What value did they show?
  • Why did the Guru praise them?

Write

Create a simple timeline with:

  1. Who
  2. Important action
  3. Value shown
  4. Why remembered

Activity
  • Timeline order
  • Person, action and value
  • Main achievement
  • Fact from the biography
  • One-sentence summary

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Tell a family member about the person in four sentences.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner reads a short life account and identifies key events.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Simple Biography in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Simple Biography. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner reads a short life account and identifies key events.The learner reads a short life account and identifies key events.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਸੇਵਾਸੇਵਾ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਸੇਵਾ?selfless service
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Tell a family member about the person in four sentences.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
14 Poetry and Rhyme
Learn

The child reads a short Punjabi poem with rhythm and notices rhyme, repetition and imagery.

Explanation

A poem may use:

  • Short lines
  • Rhythm
  • Repetition
  • Rhyme
  • Descriptive images
  • Feelings

Rhyme

Words that sound similar at the end.

Example:

  • ਰਾਤ
  • ਬਾਤ

Repetition

A word or line appears again for effect.

Example

A poem may use:

Word

ਕਵਿਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਤੁਕ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to an original short Pothi poem twice:

Script focus

ਕਵਿਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਤੁਕ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to an original short Pothi poem twice:

  1. Natural reading
  2. Rhythm-supported reading

Do not use copyrighted modern poems without permission.

Speak

Repeat one line at a time.

Tap the rhythm gently.

Read

Original poem — ਸਵੇਰ

ਸੂਰਜ ਚੜ੍ਹਿਆ, ਆਈ ਸਵੇਰ, ਪੰਛੀ ਗਾਉਣ ਚਾਰ ਚੁਫੇਰ। ਫੁੱਲ ਖਿੜੇ ਨੇ ਰੰਗ ਹਜ਼ਾਰ, ਨਵਾਂ ਦਿਨ ਲਿਆਇਆ ਪਿਆਰ।

This poem should receive final language and rhythm review before app publication.

Comprehension

  • What time of day is described?
  • What are the birds doing?
  • What happened to the flowers?
  • Which two words rhyme?
  • What feeling does the poem create?

Write

Complete a simple rhyming pair.

Or write two lines about:

  • Rain
  • A bird
  • Morning
  • A flower

Meaning matters more than perfect rhyme.

Activity
  • Find the rhyme
  • Find repeated words
  • Match line and picture
  • Read with rhythm
  • Choose the feeling

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Read the poem aloud twice:

  • Slowly
  • With natural rhythm

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The child reads a short Punjabi poem with rhythm and notices rhyme, repetition and imagery.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Poetry and Rhyme in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Poetry and Rhyme. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The child reads a short Punjabi poem with rhythm and notices rhyme, repetition and imagery.The child reads a short Punjabi poem with rhythm and notices rhyme, repetition and imagery.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਚੁਫੇਰਚੁਫੇਰ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਚੁਫੇਰ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Read the poem aloud twice:
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
15 Moral Story
Learn

The learner identifies the lesson or message in a simple story.

Explanation

A moral story teaches an idea about behaviour or values.

Possible messages:

  • Tell the truth.
  • Share with others.
  • Help someone in need.
  • Do not judge too quickly.
  • Work patiently.
  • Respect others.

The lesson should come from the story’s events, not be forced onto the reader.

Example

A moral story teaches an idea about behaviour or values.

Word

ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਵਾਲੀ ਕਹਾਣੀ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to a short story.

Script focus

ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਵਾਲੀ ਕਹਾਣੀ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to a short story.

Choose the best lesson.

Speak

Use:

ਇਸ ਕਹਾਣੀ ਤੋਂ ਮੈਂ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਕਿ ______।

Read

Story — ਦੋ ਬੀਜ

ਦੋ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ-ਇੱਕ ਬੀਜ ਮਿਲਿਆ। ਪਹਿਲੇ ਬੱਚੇ ਨੇ ਬੀਜ ਨੂੰ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਗਾਇਆ, ਪਾਣੀ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਹਰ ਰੋਜ਼ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਦੇਖਭਾਲ ਕੀਤੀ। ਦੂਜੇ ਬੱਚੇ ਨੇ ਬੀਜ ਮੇਜ਼ ਉੱਤੇ ਰੱਖ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਵੱਲ ਧਿਆਨ ਨਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ। ਕੁਝ ਹਫ਼ਤਿਆਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਬੱਚੇ ਦੇ ਗਮਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਰਾ ਪੌਦਾ ਉੱਗ ਆਇਆ। ਦੂਜੇ ਬੱਚੇ ਦਾ ਬੀਜ ਸੁੱਕ ਗਿਆ। ਉਸ ਨੇ ਸਮਝਿਆ ਕਿ ਚੰਗੇ ਨਤੀਜੇ ਲਈ ਧੀਰਜ ਅਤੇ ਮਿਹਨਤ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ।

Comprehension

  • What did the first child do?
  • What did the second child do?
  • What happened after a few weeks?
  • Why did one seed grow?
  • What is the lesson?

Possible lesson:

ਧੀਰਜ ਅਤੇ ਮਿਹਨਤ ਨਾਲ ਚੰਗੇ ਨਤੀਜੇ ਮਿਲਦੇ ਹਨ।

Write

Write:

ਇਸ ਕਹਾਣੀ ਦੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਹੈ ਕਿ ______।

Add one event that supports the lesson.

Activity
  • Choose the moral
  • Match lesson and evidence
  • Put events in sequence
  • Retell in four sentences
  • Suggest a different ending

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Tell the story without reading and state its lesson.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner identifies the lesson or message in a simple story.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Moral Story in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Moral Story. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner identifies the lesson or message in a simple story.The learner identifies the lesson or message in a simple story.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਦੇਖਭਾਲਦੇਖਭਾਲ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਦੇਖਭਾਲ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Tell the story without reading and state its lesson.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
16 Introductory Sakhi Reading
Learn

The learner reads a short, carefully reviewed Sakhi and identifies the event, value and lesson.

Explanation

A Sakhi is a traditional account connected with the Sikh Gurus, Sikhs or Sikh history.

While reading a Sakhi, ask:

  • Who is involved?
  • What happened?
  • Where did it happen?
  • What value is shown?
  • What can we learn?
  • Which parts are historical, traditional or interpretive?

For children, the text should remain:

  • Respectful
  • Clear
  • Source-aware
  • Free from exaggerated invented dialogue
  • Appropriate for the learner’s age

Example

A Sakhi is a traditional account connected with the Sikh Gurus, Sikhs or Sikh history.

Word

ਸਾਖੀ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਦੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to the Sakhi once without interruption.

Script focus

ਸਾਖੀ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਦੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to the Sakhi once without interruption.

Then listen sentence by sentence.

Speak

Retell using:

  1. Person
  2. Situation
  3. Action
  4. Value
  5. Lesson

Read

Sakhi — ਸੱਚਾ ਸੌਦਾ

ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਦੇ ਪਿਤਾ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਪਾਰ ਲਈ ਕੁਝ ਰਕਮ ਦਿੱਤੀ। ਰਸਤੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਭੁੱਖੇ ਅਤੇ ਲੋੜਵੰਦ ਲੋਕ ਵੇਖੇ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਰਕਮ ਨਾਲ ਭੋਜਨ ਖਰੀਦ ਕੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਖੁਆਇਆ। ਜਦੋਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਵਪਾਰ ਬਾਰੇ ਪੁੱਛਿਆ ਗਿਆ, ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਕਿ ਲੋੜਵੰਦਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੇਵਾ ਹੀ ਸੱਚਾ ਅਤੇ ਲਾਭਦਾਇਕ ਸੌਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ Sakhi ਸੇਵਾ, ਦਇਆ ਅਤੇ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਭਲਾਈ ਦੀ ਮਹੱਤਤਾ ਦੱਸਦੀ ਹੈ।

Before publication, this Sakhi should be reviewed against reliable Sikh historical and traditional sources, especially wording around the amount, location and dialogue.

Comprehension

  • Who gave Guru Nanak Dev Ji money?
  • What was the original purpose?
  • Whom did Guru Ji see?
  • What did Guru Ji do?
  • Which values are shown?
  • Why is it called “Sacha Sauda”?

Write

Complete:

ਇਸ ਸਾਖੀ ਵਿੱਚ ______ ਨੇ ______ ਕੀਤਾ। ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ______ ਦੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਮਿਲਦੀ ਹੈ।

Activity
  • Person and action
  • Event sequencing
  • Value matching
  • Main lesson
  • Fact versus added interpretation
  • Oral retelling

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Tell the Sakhi in four to five sentences without reading.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner reads a short, carefully reviewed Sakhi and identifies the event, value and lesson.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Introductory Sakhi Reading in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Introductory Sakhi Reading. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner reads a short, carefully reviewed Sakhi and identifies the event, value and lesson.The learner reads a short, carefully reviewed Sakhi and identifies the event, value and lesson.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਵਪਾਰਵਪਾਰ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਵਪਾਰ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Tell the Sakhi in four to five sentences without reading.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
17 Independent Comprehension
Learn

The learner reads a new passage with limited support and completes a full comprehension task.

Explanation

Use this independent reading method:

  1. Read the title.
  2. Look at any picture.
  3. Read the full passage.
  4. Reread difficult sentences.
  5. Find the main idea.
  6. Underline important details.
  7. Answer using the text.
  8. Check your answers.

When unsure

  • Reread the sentence.
  • Look at nearby clues.
  • Break a long word into parts.
  • Use spoken model only after an independent attempt.
  • Do not guess from the picture alone.

Example

Use this independent reading method:

Word

ਖੁਦ ਪੜ੍ਹੋ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝੋ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

spoken model remains hidden at first.

Script focus

ਖੁਦ ਪੜ੍ਹੋ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝੋ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

spoken model remains hidden at first.

It becomes available after the first reading attempt.

Speak

Give a one-minute oral summary.

Use:

ਇਹ ਲੇਖ ______ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੈ। ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ______। ਫਿਰ ______। ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ______।

Read

Passage — ਸਕੂਲ ਦਾ ਰੁੱਖ ਲਗਾਉਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਦਿਨ

ਸ਼ੁੱਕਰਵਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਡੇ ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੁੱਖ ਲਗਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਦਿਨ ਮਨਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ। ਹਰ ਕਲਾਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਕੂਲ ਦੇ ਮੈਦਾਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਛੋਟਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਗਿਆ। ਸਾਡੀ ਕਲਾਸ ਨੇ ਦੋ ਨੀਮ ਦੇ ਪੌਦੇ ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕ ਅੰਬ ਦਾ ਪੌਦਾ ਲਗਾਇਆ। ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਅਸੀਂ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਖੱਡੇ ਖੋਦੇ। ਫਿਰ ਅਸੀਂ ਪੌਦਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਖੱਡਿਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੱਖ ਕੇ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਨਾਲ ਢੱਕਿਆ। ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਰੇ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੇ ਪੌਦਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਣੀ ਦਿੱਤਾ। ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਜੀ ਨੇ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਕਿ ਸਾਡੀ ਕਲਾਸ ਹਰ ਹਫ਼ਤੇ ਪੌਦਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਦੇਖਭਾਲ ਕਰੇਗੀ।

Comprehension

Literal questions

  1. On which day was the event held?
  2. How many plants did the class plant?
  3. Which plants were planted?
  4. What happened first?
  5. What happened last?

Main idea

  1. What is the passage mainly about?

Vocabulary in context

  1. What does ਖੱਡੇ mean here?

Inference

  1. Why must the class care for the plants every week?

Personal response

  1. What could happen if the plants are not watered?

Write

Write a four-sentence summary without copying the full passage.

Activity
  • Main idea
  • Sequence
  • Detail search
  • Context meaning
  • Inference
  • Summary
  • Title choice

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Read a new short paragraph independently and explain it to a family member.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner reads a new passage with limited support and completes a full comprehension task.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Independent Comprehension in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Independent Comprehension. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner reads a new passage with limited support and completes a full comprehension task.The learner reads a new passage with limited support and completes a full comprehension task.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਮਨਾਇਆਮਨਾਇਆ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਮਨਾਇਆ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Read a new short paragraph independently and explain it to a family member.
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.
18 Level 11 Mastery Review
Learn

The learner demonstrates paragraph fluency, comprehension, retelling and connected writing.

Explanation

Skills reviewed

  • Paragraph topic
  • Main idea
  • Supporting details
  • Sequence
  • Cause and effect
  • Characters and setting
  • Problem and solution
  • Prediction
  • Context clues
  • Instructions
  • Description
  • Factual text
  • Biography
  • Poetry
  • Moral story
  • Sakhi
  • Summary
  • Independent comprehension

Example

Skills reviewed

Word

ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝ ਦੀ ਪੂਰਨ ਜਾਂਚ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Part 1 — Listening passage

Script focus

ਅਨੁਛੇਦ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝ ਦੀ ਪੂਰਨ ਜਾਂਚ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Part 1 — Listening passage

Listen to a six-sentence passage.

Answer:

  • Main idea
  • Two details
  • Sequence
  • One inference

Part 2 — Poetry

Listen to four lines.

Identify:

  • Rhyme
  • Mood
  • Main image

Part 3 — Instructions

Listen to five steps and place them in order.

Speak

Oral retelling

Retell one story using:

  • Beginning
  • Middle
  • Ending

Factual explanation

Explain three facts from a short information text.

Personal response

State a lesson or opinion and support it with one reason.

Read

Text 1 — Descriptive paragraph

Five to six sentences.

Text 2 — Factual paragraph

Six to eight sentences.

Text 3 — Short story

Eight to ten sentences.

Text 4 — Poem

Four to six lines.

Text 5 — Sakhi or value-based text

Six to eight sentences, human-reviewed.

The assessment should include both familiar and unseen vocabulary.

Comprehension

Questions should cover:

  • Main idea
  • Detail
  • Sequence
  • Cause and effect
  • Character
  • Setting
  • Problem
  • Solution
  • Vocabulary in context
  • Prediction
  • Inference
  • Moral or value
  • Fact or opinion

Write

Part 1 — Summary

Write three to four sentences summarising a passage.

Part 2 — Guided paragraph

Write six to eight sentences on one topic.

Possible topics:

  • My family
  • My school
  • A rainy day
  • A helpful friend
  • A visit to the Gurdwara
  • How to plant a seed
  • An animal
  • A lesson I learned

Part 3 — Editing

Check:

  • One clear topic
  • Logical order
  • Complete sentences
  • Spaces
  • Punctuation
  • Useful details
  • Correct common spellings

Activity

Activity 1 — Main idea or detail

Activity 2 — Sequence ordering

Activity 3 — Cause and effect matching

Activity 4 — Character and setting

Activity 5 — Context vocabulary

Activity 6 — Fact or opinion

Activity 7 — Summary builder

Activity 8 — Paragraph organiser

Activity 9 — Text comparison

Activity 10 — Oral retelling

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Complete one ten-minute review:

  1. Read one paragraph.
  2. State the main idea.
  3. Name three details.
  4. Retell it.
  5. Write a two-sentence summary.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner demonstrates paragraph fluency, comprehension, retelling and connected writing.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Level 11 Mastery Review in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Level 11 Mastery Review. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

  1. What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner demonstrates paragraph fluency, comprehension, retelling and connected writing.The learner demonstrates paragraph fluency, comprehension, retelling and connected writing.
  2. Identify or use this lesson item: ਅਨੁਛੇਦਅਨੁਛੇਦ
  3. What reviewed meaning is attached to ਅਨੁਛੇਦ?
  4. What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
  5. What is one activity you can repeat at home?Complete one ten-minute review:
  6. How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.