Level 5 · Painti Akhari Master | ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ ਮਾਹਰ

Painti Akhari: Completion

ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ: ਪੂਰਨਤਾ

12 lessons

1 ਯ ਯੱਯਾ

Learn

The learner understands and practises ਯ ਯੱਯਾ.

Explanation

Today’s letter

ਯ

Letter name

ਯੱਯਾ

Main sound

ਯ

The sound is similar to the beginning of words such as:

ਯਾਦ
ਯਾਤਰਾ

Picture words

ਯਾਦ — Memory or remembrance ਯਾਕ — Yak

For younger children, the app may use a clear yak illustration, but the word should be recorded accurately.

Sound position

ਯ often appears:

At the beginning of words
Inside words
In joined sound patterns

Example

Today’s letter

Word

Lesson goal

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen:

Script focus

Lesson goal

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen:

ਯ — ਯੱਯਾ

Listen to:

ਯਾਦ
ਯਾਤਰਾ
ਯਾਕ

Sound comparison

Listen to:

ਯ — ਜ

These are different sounds.

Speak

Repeat:

ਯ

ਯੱਯਾ

Repeat:

ਯਾਦ
ਯਾਤਰਾ
ਯਾਕ

Keep the sound light.

Do not pronounce ਯ as ਜ.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 24-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Watch the full stroke animation.
Trace a large ਯ three times.
Trace a smaller ਯ three times.
Copy it twice.
Write it once from memory.

Writing focus

Do not confuse:

Look at the full shape before choosing.

Activity

Activity 1 — Find ਯ

Options:

ਯ ਰ ਪ ਜ

Correct:

ਯ

Activity 2 — Match the name

ਯ matches:

ਯੱਯਾ

Activity 3 — Picture match

Choose the words beginning with ਯ:

ਯਾਦ
ਯਾਕ
ਰੋਟੀ

Correct:

ਯਾਦ
ਯਾਕ

Activity 4 — Hear ਯ or ਜ

Use clear spoken model examples.

More practice

Pothi-added learning layer: retrieval warm-up, mixed recognition, one meaningful production task, correction-and-retry, a printable practice table, and age-adjusted student and parent delivery. Supplied lesson wording is retained in the Preserved Source Lesson component.

At home

Say:

ਯਾਦ
ਯਾਤਰਾ

Draw ਯ once in the air and once on paper.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises ਯ ਯੱਯਾ.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise ਯ ਯੱਯਾ in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning ਯ ਯੱਯਾ. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises ਯ ਯੱਯਾ.The learner understands and practises ਯ ਯੱਯਾ.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਯਯ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਯ?ਯੱਯਾ; sound y
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Say:
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

2 ਰ ਰਾਰਾ

Learn

The learner understands and practises ਰ ਰਾਰਾ.

Explanation

Today’s letter

ਰ

Letter name

ਰਾਰਾ

Main sound

ਰ

The tongue makes a light tap or movement.

Picture words

ਰਾਤ — Night ਰੋਟੀ — Flatbread

Important idea

ਰ is different from ੜ.

We will compare them in a separate lesson.

Example

Today’s letter

Word

Lesson goal

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen:

Script focus

Lesson goal

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen:

ਰ — ਰਾਰਾ

Listen to:

ਰਾਤ
ਰੋਟੀ
ਰੰਗ

Compare:

ਰ — ੜ

Do not ask the child to master the contrast fully yet.

Speak

Repeat:

ਰ

ਰਾਰਾ

Repeat:

ਰਾਤ
ਰੋਟੀ
ਰੰਗ

Keep the tongue relaxed.

Do not force an English-style long “r.”

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 22-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Watch the stroke animation.
Trace ਰ three times.
Copy it twice.
Write it once from memory.
Compare ਰ visually with ੜ.

Activity

Activity 1 — Find ਰ

Options:

ਰ ੜ ਵ ਲ

Correct:

ਰ

Activity 2 — Picture match

ਰਾਤ
ਰੋਟੀ

Activity 3 — Hear ਰ

spoken model:

ਰ

Select:

ਰ

Activity 4 — Match

ਰ matches:

ਰਾਰਾ

More practice

At home

Say:

ਰਾਤ
ਰੋਟੀ
ਰੰਗ

Find ਰ on the alphabet card.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises ਰ ਰਾਰਾ.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise ਰ ਰਾਰਾ in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning ਰ ਰਾਰਾ. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises ਰ ਰਾਰਾ.The learner understands and practises ਰ ਰਾਰਾ.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਰਰ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਰ?ਰਾਰਾ; sound r
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Say:
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

3 ਲ ਲੱਲਾ

Learn

The learner understands and practises ਲ ਲੱਲਾ.

Explanation

Today’s letter

ਲ

Letter name

ਲੱਲਾ

Main sound

ਲ

The tongue touches near the upper teeth or ridge.

Picture words

ਲੱਡੂ — Laddoo ਲਾਟੂ — Spinning top

Both begin with ਲ.

Example

Today’s letter

Word

Lesson goal

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen:

Script focus

Lesson goal

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen:

ਲ — ਲੱਲਾ

Listen to:

ਲੱਡੂ
ਲਾਟੂ
ਲਾਲ

Compare:

ਲ — ਰ

These are different sounds.

Speak

Repeat:

ਲ

ਲੱਲਾ

Repeat:

ਲੱਡੂ
ਲਾਟੂ
ਲਾਲ

Mouth guidance

Keep the tongue forward.

Let the air pass around the sides of the tongue.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 22-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Watch the animation.
Trace large ਲ.
Trace small ਲ.
Copy it twice.
Write it from memory.

Writing focus

Do not confuse:

Look at the full shape.

Activity

Activity 1 — Find ਲ

Options:

ਰ ਲ ਵ ਯ

Correct:

ਲ

Activity 2 — Picture match

ਲੱਡੂ
ਲਾਟੂ

Activity 3 — Hear ਲ or ਰ

Use mixed spoken model.

Activity 4 — Match

ਲ matches:

ਲੱਲਾ

More practice

At home

Say:

ਲਾਲ
ਲੱਡੂ
ਲਾਟੂ

Practise:

ਲ — ਰ

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises ਲ ਲੱਲਾ.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise ਲ ਲੱਲਾ in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning ਲ ਲੱਲਾ. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises ਲ ਲੱਲਾ.The learner understands and practises ਲ ਲੱਲਾ.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਲਲ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਲ?ਲੱਲਾ; sound l
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Say:
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

4 ਵ ਵੱਵਾ

Learn

The learner understands and practises ਵ ਵੱਵਾ.

Explanation

Today’s letter

ਵ

Letter name

ਵੱਵਾ

Main sound

ਵ

The sound may vary slightly by word and speaker.

It may sound between English “v” and “w,” but English spelling should not be the main guide.

Picture words

ਵਾਲ — Hair ਵਾਜਾ — Musical instrument

More examples

ਵੱਡਾ
ਵਾਰ
ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ

Example

Today’s letter

Word

Lesson goal

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen:

Script focus

Lesson goal

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen:

ਵ — ਵੱਵਾ

Listen to:

ਵਾਲ
ਵਾਜਾ
ਵੱਡਾ

Compare:

ਵ — ਬ

These are different sounds.

Speak

Repeat:

ਵ

ਵੱਵਾ

Repeat:

ਵਾਲ
ਵਾਜਾ
ਵੱਡਾ

Mouth guidance

Keep the lips relaxed.
Follow the Punjabi spoken model.
Do not force a strong English “v” in every word.
Do not replace it with ਬ.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 24-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Watch ਵ being written.
Trace it three times.
Copy it twice.
Write it from memory.
Compare ਵ and ਬ.

Activity

Activity 1 — Find ਵ

Options:

ਬ ਵ ਰ ਲ

Correct:

ਵ

Activity 2 — Picture match

ਵਾਲ
ਵਾਜਾ

Activity 3 — Hear ਬ or ਵ

Use clear spoken model examples.

Activity 4 — Match

ਵ matches:

ਵੱਵਾ

More practice

At home

Practise:

ਬ — ਵ

Say:

ਵਾਲ
ਵਾਜਾ
ਵੱਡਾ

Use the app spoken model if the family pronunciation varies.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises ਵ ਵੱਵਾ.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise ਵ ਵੱਵਾ in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning ਵ ਵੱਵਾ. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises ਵ ਵੱਵਾ.The learner understands and practises ਵ ਵੱਵਾ.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਵਵ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਵ?ਵਾਵਾ; sound v/w
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Practise:
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

5 ੜ ੜਾੜਾ

Learn

The learner understands and practises ੜ ੜਾੜਾ.

Explanation

Today’s letter

ੜ

Letter name

ੜਾੜਾ

Main sound

ੜ

The tongue curls back and makes a quick flap or tap.

Important usage note

ੜ rarely begins native Punjabi words.

It usually appears inside or near the end of words.

Word examples

ਘੜੀ — Clock or watch ਕੀੜਾ — Insect ਪਹਾੜ — Mountain

Do not force an inaccurate picture word beginning with ੜ.

Example

Today’s letter

Word

Lesson goal

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen:

Script focus

Lesson goal

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen:

ੜ — ੜਾੜਾ

Listen to:

ਘੜੀ
ਕੀੜਾ
ਪਹਾੜ

Compare:

ਰ — ੜ

They are different.

Speak

Repeat after the spoken model:

ੜ

ੜਾੜਾ

Repeat:

ਘੜੀ
ਕੀੜਾ
ਪਹਾੜ

Mouth guidance

Curl the tongue slightly back.
Make a quick movement.
Do not hold the sound too long.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 22-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Watch the full stroke animation.
Trace ੜ three times.
Copy it twice.
Write it from memory.
Compare ਰ and ੜ.

Writing focus

Do not write ਰ when the word needs ੜ.

Activity

Activity 1 — Find ੜ

Options:

ਰ ੜ ਦ ਟ

Correct:

ੜ

Activity 2 — Find ੜ inside the word

Show:

ਘੜੀ

Highlight:

ੜ

Activity 3 — Match the name

ੜ matches:

ੜਾੜਾ

Activity 4 — ਰ or ੜ?

Use spoken model and visual matching.

More practice

At home

Listen to:

ਘੜੀ
ਕੀੜਾ
ਪਹਾੜ

Point to ੜ in each displayed word.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises ੜ ੜਾੜਾ.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise ੜ ੜਾੜਾ in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning ੜ ੜਾੜਾ. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises ੜ ੜਾੜਾ.The learner understands and practises ੜ ੜਾੜਾ.
Identify or use this lesson item: ੜੜ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ੜ?ੜਾੜਾ; sound ṛ
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Listen to:
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

6 Final Five Review

Learn

The learner understands and practises Final Five Review.

Explanation

Final five letters

| Letter | Name | | ------ | ---- | | ਯ | ਯੱਯਾ | | ਰ | ਰਾਰਾ | | ਲ | ਲੱਲਾ | | ਵ | ਵੱਵਾ | | ੜ | ੜਾੜਾ |

Important contrasts

ਰ / ੜ
ਲ / ਰ
ਬ / ਵ
ਯ / ਜ

Example

Final five letters

Word

ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ ਦੀ ਦੁਹਰਾਈ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen in order:

Script focus

ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ ਦੀ ਦੁਹਰਾਈ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen in order:

ਯ, ਰ, ਲ, ਵ, ੜ

Listen to the names.

Then hear them in random order.

Speak

Say:

ਯੱਯਾ, ਰਾਰਾ, ਲੱਲਾ, ਵੱਵਾ, ੜਾੜਾ

Practise:

ਰ — ੜ

ਬ — ਵ

ਲ — ਰ

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 28-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Copy:

ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ

Then write from spoken names.

Dictation

spoken model:

ਵੱਵਾ

Write:

ਵ

spoken model:

ੜਾੜਾ

Write:

ੜ

Activity

Activity 1 — Missing letter

ਯ ਰ ___ ਵ ੜ

Correct:

ਲ

Activity 2 — Picture and word matching

ਯਾਦ → ਯ
ਰਾਤ → ਰ
ਲੱਡੂ → ਲ
ਵਾਲ → ਵ
ਘੜੀ → ੜ

Activity 3 — Random recognition

Show one letter at a time in mixed order.

Activity 4 — Confusing pairs

ਰ / ੜ
ਬ / ਵ
ਯ / ਜ
ਲ / ਰ

More practice

At home

Use five cards.

Ask the child to:

Find the named letter.
Say the letter name.
Say one example word.
Write the letter once.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises Final Five Review.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Final Five Review in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Final Five Review. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises Final Five Review.The learner understands and practises Final Five Review.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਯਯ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਯ?ਯੱਯਾ; sound y
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Use five cards.
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

7 ਰ and ੜ

Learn

The learner understands and practises ਰ and ੜ.

Explanation

Letter 1

ਰ — ਰਾਰਾ

The tongue makes a light forward tap.

Letter 2

ੜ — ੜਾੜਾ

The tongue curls farther back and makes a quick flap.

Word examples with ਰ

ਰਾਤ
ਰੋਟੀ
ਰੰਗ
ਦਰ

Word examples with ੜ

ਘੜੀ
ਕੀੜਾ
ਪਹਾੜ
ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ

Important rule

ਰ and ੜ are not interchangeable.

Changing the letter may change the word or make the spelling incorrect.

Example

Letter 1

Word

ਰ ਅਤੇ ੜ ਵਿੱਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to isolated sounds:

Script focus

ਰ ਅਤੇ ੜ ਵਿੱਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to isolated sounds:

ਰ

ੜ

Listen to the words:

ਰਾਤ
ਘੜੀ
ਰੰਗ
ਕੀੜਾ

Listening task

Which word contains ੜ?

ਰਾਤ
ਘੜੀ

Correct:

ਘੜੀ

Speak

Repeat:

ਰ — ੜ

Repeat:

ਰਾਤ
ਘੜੀ
ਰੰਗ
ਕੀੜਾ

Mouth awareness

For ੜ:

Move the tongue slightly back.
Use a quick flap.
Do not hold the sound.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 33-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Write:

ਰ ੜ

Then copy:

ਰਾਤ
ਘੜੀ

The child is not expected to decode the full words independently yet. The writing is guided.

Visual comparison

Circle the distinguishing section in ੜ.

Activity

Activity 1 — Hear and choose

spoken model:

ਰ

Choose:

ਰ

spoken model:

ੜ

Choose:

ੜ

Activity 2 — Find the correct letter

Word:

ਘ_ੀ

Correct:

ੜ

Activity 3 — Sort

ਰ words

ਰਾਤ
ਰੰਗ

ੜ words

ਘੜੀ
ਕੀੜਾ

Activity 4 — Copy the pair

Write:

ਰ ੜ ਰ ੜ

More practice

At home

Practise:

ਰਾਤ
ਘੜੀ
ਰੰਗ
ਕੀੜਾ

Ask:

ਇਸ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਰ ਹੈ ਜਾਂ ੜ?

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises ਰ and ੜ.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise ਰ and ੜ in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning ਰ and ੜ. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises ਰ and ੜ.The learner understands and practises ਰ and ੜ.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਰਰ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਰ?ਰਾਰਾ; sound r
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Practise:
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

8 ਬ and ਵ

Learn

The learner understands and practises ਬ and ਵ.

Explanation

ਬ — ਬੱਬਾ

The lips close fully before releasing the sound.

Examples:

ਬਸ
ਬਿੱਲੀ
ਬੱਚਾ

ਵ — ਵੱਵਾ

The lips remain more open or lightly shaped.

Examples:

ਵਾਲ
ਵਾਜਾ
ਵੱਡਾ

Important note

Home accents may pronounce ਵ differently.

The child should still learn that:

ਬ and ਵ are different letters.
Their spelling cannot be exchanged freely.
Approved spoken model is the main guide.

Example

ਬ — ਬੱਬਾ

Word

ਬ ਅਤੇ ਵ ਵਿੱਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen:

Script focus

ਬ ਅਤੇ ਵ ਵਿੱਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen:

ਬ — ਵ

Listen to:

ਬਸ
ਵਾਲ
ਬਿੱਲੀ
ਵਾਜਾ

Listening task

Which word begins with ਵ?

ਬਸ
ਵਾਲ

Correct:

ਵਾਲ

Speak

Repeat:

ਬ — ਵ

Repeat:

ਬਸ
ਵਾਲ
ਬੱਚਾ
ਵੱਡਾ

Mouth awareness

For ਬ:

Close both lips.

For ਵ:

Keep the lips lighter and follow the spoken model model.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 27-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Write:

ਬ ਵ

Copy both letters in alternating order:

ਬ ਵ ਬ ਵ

Guided word writing

ਬਸ
ਵਾਲ

Activity

Activity 1 — Hear and choose

spoken model:

ਬ

Correct:

ਬ

spoken model:

ਵ

Correct:

ਵ

Activity 2 — Picture sorting

ਬ

ਬਿੱਲੀ
ਬਸ

ਵ

ਵਾਲ
ਵਾਜਾ

Activity 3 — Complete the word

_ਾਲ

Correct:

ਵ

Activity 4 — Find the visual difference

Select ਵ from:

ਬ ਵ ਰ ਲ

More practice

At home

Say:

ਬਸ
ਵਾਲ
ਬੱਚਾ
ਵੱਡਾ

Sort them under:

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises ਬ and ਵ.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise ਬ and ਵ in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning ਬ and ਵ. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises ਬ and ਵ.The learner understands and practises ਬ and ਵ.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਬਬ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਬ?ਬੱਬਾ; sound b
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Say:
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

9 Complete Painti Akhari

Learn

The learner understands and practises Complete Painti Akhari.

Explanation

Complete traditional Painti Akhari

ੳ ਅ ੲ ਸ ਹ ਕ ਖ ਗ ਘ ਙ ਚ ਛ ਜ ਝ ਞ ਟ ਠ ਡ ਢ ਣ ਤ ਥ ਦ ਧ ਨ ਪ ਫ ਬ ਭ ਮ ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ

Group names

First five
ਕ ਵਰਗ
ਚ ਵਰਗ
ਟ ਵਰਗ
ਤ ਵਰਗ
ਪ ਵਰਗ
Final five

Important distinction

The traditional Painti Akhari has 35 core letters.

Additional modern letters such as ਸ਼, ਖ਼, ਗ਼, ਜ਼, ਫ਼ and ਲ਼ are taught later as an additional set.

Example

Complete traditional Painti Akhari

Word

ਪੂਰੀ ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Listen to the full alphabet:

Script focus

ਪੂਰੀ ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Listen to the full alphabet:

Slowly by row
At natural teaching speed
With a pause after each group
In random review order

Group listening

The app says:

ਕ ਵਰਗ

The child selects:

ਕ ਖ ਗ ਘ ਙ

Speak

Say the full alphabet in order.

Then say it group by group.

Group practice

ੳ ਅ ੲ ਸ ਹ

ਕ ਖ ਗ ਘ ਙ

ਚ ਛ ਜ ਝ ਞ

ਟ ਠ ਡ ਢ ਣ

ਤ ਥ ਦ ਧ ਨ

ਪ ਫ ਬ ਭ ਮ

ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 40-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Copy the complete alphabet in rows.

Writing approach

Do not require all 35 in one sitting for younger children.

Suggested split:

Rows 1–2
Rows 3–4
Rows 5–6
Final row

Then combine them.

Activity

Activity 1 — Complete each row

ੳ ਅ ੲ ___ ਹ

Correct:

ਸ

ਕ ਖ ___ ਘ ਙ

Correct:

ਗ

ਚ ਛ ਜ ___ ਞ

Correct:

ਝ

Activity 2 — Put groups in order

Arrange:

ਟ ਵਰਗ
ਕ ਵਰਗ
ਪ ਵਰਗ
First five
Final five
ਤ ਵਰਗ
ਚ ਵਰਗ

Activity 3 — Group sorting

Place every letter in its correct group.

Activity 4 — Alphabet song

Use a simple original Pothi alphabet chant.

Do not copy a copyrighted song melody or lyrics.

More practice

At home

Say one row per day.

Do not force the child to recite all 35 repeatedly if recognition is weak.

Random recognition matters more than performance speed.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises Complete Painti Akhari.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Complete Painti Akhari in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Complete Painti Akhari. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises Complete Painti Akhari.The learner understands and practises Complete Painti Akhari.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਪੂਰੀਪੂਰੀ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਪੂਰੀ?
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Say one row per day.
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

10 Random Letter Recognition

Learn

The learner understands and practises Random Letter Recognition.

Explanation

A learner may know that ਗ comes after ਖ but still fail to recognise ਗ alone.

True letter knowledge means the child can:

Recognise the letter by itself
Say its name
Produce its sound
Find it among similar letters
Write it without seeing the alphabet chart

Example

A learner may know that ਗ comes after ਖ but still fail to recognise ਗ alone.

Word

ਮਿਲੇ-ਜੁਲੇ ਅੱਖਰ ਪਛਾਣੋ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

The app plays random letter names.

Script focus

ਮਿਲੇ-ਜੁਲੇ ਅੱਖਰ ਪਛਾਣੋ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

The app plays random letter names.

Examples:

ਮੰਮਾ
ਟੈਂਕਾ
ਈੜੀ
ਵੱਵਾ
ਛੱਛਾ
ਧੱਦਾ
ਰਾਰਾ

The child taps the correct letter.

Speak

A random letter appears.

The child says:

Its name
Its main sound where appropriate

Example:

ਕ

ਕੱਕਾ
ਕ

For vowel carriers and tonal letters, name recognition is prioritised.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 40-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

The app says a random letter name.

The child writes the letter.

Suggested set:

ਸੱਸਾ
ਖੱਖਾ
ਜੱਜਾ
ਣਾਣਾ
ਨੰਨਾ
ਵੱਵਾ
ੜਾੜਾ

Activity

Activity 1 — Find the named letter

Show six mixed letters.

spoken model:

ਲੱਲਾ

Correct:

ਲ

Activity 2 — Similar-shape challenge

Choose between:

ਸ / ਹ
ਕ / ਖ
ਗ / ਘ
ਚ / ਛ
ਜ / ਝ
ਟ / ਤ
ਠ / ਥ
ਡ / ਦ
ਢ / ਧ
ਣ / ਨ
ਪ / ਫ
ਬ / ਭ
ਬ / ਵ
ਰ / ੜ

Activity 3 — Find all examples

Find every occurrence of ਮ in a mixed grid.

Activity 4 — Timed recognition

Optional only.

The child may identify five letters quickly, but speed is not required for mastery.

More practice

At home

Use ten mixed cards.

Do not place them in alphabet order.

Ask the child to:

Find a letter
Say its name
Give one word or sound
Write one difficult letter

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises Random Letter Recognition.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Random Letter Recognition in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Random Letter Recognition. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises Random Letter Recognition.The learner understands and practises Random Letter Recognition.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਮਿਲੇਮਿਲੇ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਮਿਲੇ?
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Use ten mixed cards.
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

11 Complete Alphabet Writing

Learn

The learner understands and practises Complete Alphabet Writing.

Explanation

Good handwriting means:

The letter is recognisable.
Major sections are present.
The letter does not become another letter.
The child follows a consistent direction.
Spacing is clear.
The child does not press too hard.

Perfect adult handwriting is not required.

Writing groups

Group 1

ੳ ਅ ੲ ਸ ਹ

Group 2

ਕ ਖ ਗ ਘ ਙ

Group 3

ਚ ਛ ਜ ਝ ਞ

Group 4

ਟ ਠ ਡ ਢ ਣ

Group 5

ਤ ਥ ਦ ਧ ਨ

Group 6

ਪ ਫ ਬ ਭ ਮ

Group 7

ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ

Example

Good handwriting means:

Word

ਪੂਰੀ ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ ਲਿਖੋ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Follow writing instructions:

Script focus

ਪੂਰੀ ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ ਲਿਖੋ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Follow writing instructions:

ਬਿੰਦੂ ਤੋਂ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰੋ।
ਤੀਰ ਦੇ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਚਲੋ।
ਹੌਲੀ ਲਿਖੋ।
ਅੱਖਰ ਪੂਰਾ ਕਰੋ।
ਅਗਲੇ ਅੱਖਰ ਲਈ ਥਾਂ ਛੱਡੋ।
ਲਿਖ ਕੇ ਜਾਂਚ ਕਰੋ।

Speak

Before writing each row, say the letter names.

Example:

ਕੱਕਾ, ਖੱਖਾ, ਗੱਗਾ, ਘੱਗਾ, ਙੰਙਾ

This connects:

Sound
Name
Shape
Movement

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 40-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Part 1 — Guided tracing

Trace every row once.

Part 2 — Copying

Copy each row beside the model.

Part 3 — Writing from memory

Write one row after the model disappears.

Part 4 — spoken model dictation

The app says ten letter names.

The child writes them individually.

Part 5 — Personal difficult letters

The child chooses five letters to practise again.

Activity

Activity 1 — Repair the letter

Complete a missing stroke.

Activity 2 — Which copy is correct?

Choose the recognisable letter from three examples.

Activity 3 — Find the changed letter

The model is ਕ, but one copy looks like ਖ.

The child identifies the incorrect form.

Activity 4 — Spacing

Write five letters with clear spaces.

Activity 5 — Group writing

Write one complete group from memory.

More practice

At home

Write only one row per practice session.

Quality is more important than writing all 35 every day.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises Complete Alphabet Writing.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Complete Alphabet Writing in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Complete Alphabet Writing. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises Complete Alphabet Writing.The learner understands and practises Complete Alphabet Writing.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਪੂਰੀਪੂਰੀ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਪੂਰੀ?
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Write only one row per practice session.
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.

12 Level 5 Mastery Review

Learn

The learner understands and practises Level 5 Mastery Review.

Explanation

Complete alphabet

ੳ ਅ ੲ ਸ ਹ ਕ ਖ ਗ ਘ ਙ ਚ ਛ ਜ ਝ ਞ ਟ ਠ ਡ ਢ ਣ ਤ ਥ ਦ ਧ ਨ ਪ ਫ ਬ ਭ ਮ ਯ ਰ ਲ ਵ ੜ

What has been learned?

Three vowel carriers
Consonant groups
Retroflex sounds
Dental sounds
Lip sounds
Plain and aspirated contrasts
Tonal-letter awareness
Rare letters
Final five letters
Full alphabet writing

Example

Complete alphabet

Word

ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ ਦੀ ਪੂਰਨ ਜਾਂਚ

Time

Student: 8-15 minutes. Parent-supported session: 10-20 minutes.

Sound focus

Part 1 — Letter names

Script focus

ਪੈਂਤੀ ਅੱਖਰੀ ਦੀ ਪੂਰਨ ਜਾਂਚ

Pronunciation tip

Use a parent or fluent speaker as the spoken model. Roman support is temporary. Punjabi tone, vowel length, dental/retroflex placement, and Gurbani-facing pronunciation must not be guessed.

Listen

Part 1 — Letter names

Hear 15 random names and select the letters.

Part 2 — Sound recognition

Hear common consonant sounds and select the letter.

Part 3 — Word-initial matching

Hear a word and identify its first letter.

Examples:

ਸੇਬ
ਹਾਥੀ
ਕਿਤਾਬ
ਖਰਗੋਸ਼
ਗੇਂਦ
ਘਰ
ਚਾਬੀ
ਛਤਰੀ
ਜਹਾਜ਼
ਝੰਡਾ
ਟਮਾਟਰ
ਤਿਤਲੀ
ਪਤੰਗ
ਫੁੱਲ
ਬਿੱਲੀ
ਭੇਡ
ਮੱਛੀ
ਯਾਦ
ਰਾਤ
ਲੱਡੂ
ਵਾਲ

Part 4 — Internal-letter recognition

Use:

ਅੰਗ → ਙ
ਪਾਣੀ → ਣ
ਘੜੀ → ੜ

Speak

Full alphabet

Say all 35 in order.

Random naming

Name 15 randomly displayed letters.

Sound contrasts

Repeat:

ਕ / ਖ
ਚ / ਛ
ਟ / ਤ
ਠ / ਥ
ਡ / ਦ
ਣ / ਨ
ਪ / ਫ
ਬ / ਵ
ਰ / ੜ

Tonal letters

Repeat approved word examples for:

Perfect tonal mastery is not required yet.

Read

Pothi-added: point to and identify the complete 40-item lesson set; formal decoding begins when the source level requires it.

Write

Part 1 — Write one complete row

The app chooses a row.

Part 2 — Write from spoken model

Write ten randomly named letters.

Part 3 — Difficult-pair writing

Write:

ਸ ਹ
ਕ ਖ
ਗ ਘ
ਚ ਛ
ਜ ਝ
ਟ ਤ
ਠ ਥ
ਡ ਦ
ਣ ਨ
ਪ ਫ
ਬ ਵ
ਰ ੜ

Part 4 — Full alphabet sample

The child writes all 35 with reasonable breaks.

Activity

Activity 1 — Random grid

Find 20 named letters in a 35-letter mixed grid.

Activity 2 — Group sorting

Sort all letters into the seven traditional groups.

Activity 3 — Missing letters

Complete each row.

Activity 4 — Wrong-group challenge

Find the letter placed in the wrong group.

Activity 5 — Picture-word match

Match 15 familiar pictures to opening letters.

Activity 6 — Rare and internal letters

Match:

ਙ → ਅੰਗ
ਞ → less-common letter recognition
ਣ → ਪਾਣੀ
ੜ → ਘੜੀ

More practice

At home

Choose the five weakest letters.

For each letter:

Hear the name.
Say the name.
Find it randomly.
Say one example word.
Trace it in the air.
Write it once from memory.

Life lesson

Careful listening, honest questions, and kind correction build confidence.

Child goal

The learner understands and practises Level 5 Mastery Review.

Parent goal

Help the learner practise Level 5 Mastery Review in one calm, short session and record questions instead of guessing.

Parent note

Supplied lesson wording is preserved. Added practice remains under review. Accept valid home-language variation and ask a reviewer about uncertain spelling or pronunciation.

Parent script

Say: 'Today we are learning Level 5 Mastery Review. First listen, then try. We can pause, ask for help, and practise again.' Use the preserved At Home section to close.

Check yourself

What is the main goal of this lesson: The learner understands and practises Level 5 Mastery Review.The learner understands and practises Level 5 Mastery Review.
Identify or use this lesson item: ਪੈਂਤੀਪੈਂਤੀ
What reviewed meaning is attached to ਪੈਂਤੀ?
What should you do when a sound, spelling, or meaning is uncertain?Ask a parent, teacher, fluent speaker, or qualified reviewer instead of guessing.
What is one activity you can repeat at home?Choose the five weakest letters.
How do you show careful learning?Listen, try, check, accept correction, and practise again.